The lottery grew to become the most common form of gambling in the world because it appealed to many people’s desire for instant wealth. The word comes from the Dutch, where lotere means “to throw” or “to draw lots.” The most popular form of lottery in modern times is the scratch-off ticket, which consists of a slip of paper with one or more numbers or symbols printed on it. Typically, the bettor writes his or her name on the ticket and deposits it with a lottery operator for a chance to win the jackpot.
When states began running their own lotteries, they were usually pitched as a way to raise money for specific government services, such as education or elder care. The idea behind these programs was that a lottery could avoid the politically unpopular options of raising taxes or cutting services, because voters would perceive the money spent on a lottery ticket as a mere transfer from those who did not play.
Early on, the lotteries were a source of controversy. Thomas Jefferson viewed them as no riskier than farming, while Alexander Hamilton grasped the notion that “every man will be willing to hazard a trifling sum for the hope of considerable gain.” They were also sometimes entangled in the slave trade, such as when Denmark Vesey won a Virginia lottery and purchased his freedom, and a Georgia-based lottery helped finance the Revolutionary War.
By the late-twentieth century, when the lottery’s popularity exploded, voters in state after state were casting about for solutions to budget crises that did not enrage their anti-tax constituency. As Cohen recounts, the lottery’s appeal centered on its value as a “painless” revenue source: voters wanted states to spend more, and politicians looked at lottery funds as a means of doing so without enraging voters who disliked paying taxes.